Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer,[a] is a team sport played between two teams of eleven players with a spherical ball. It is played by 250 million players in over 200 countries and dependencies, making it the world's most popular sport.[3][4][5][6] The game is played on a rectangular field with a goal at each end. The object of the game is to score by getting the ball into the opposing goal.
Association football
Football iu 1996.jpg
The attacking player (No. 10) attempts to kick the ball beyond the opposing team's goalkeeper, between the goalposts, and beneath the crossbar to score a goal.
Highest governing bodyFIFA
NicknamesFootball, soccer, the Beautiful Game, the World Game[1]
First played19 December 1863, Limes Field, Mortlake, London, England[2]
Characteristics
ContactPermitted (Limited)
Team members11 per side (including goalkeeper)
Mixed genderYes, separate competitions
TypeTeam sport, ball sport
EquipmentFootball (or soccer ball)
VenueFootball pitch (also known as football field, football ground, soccer field, soccer pitch or simply "pitch")
Presence
Country or regionWorldwide
OlympicYes, men's since the 1900 Olympics and women's since the 1996 Olympics
ParalympicYes, 5-a-side since 2004 and 7-a-side since 1984
Players are not allowed to touch the ball with their hands or arms while it is in play, unless they are goalkeepers (and then only when within their penalty area). Other players mainly use their feet to strike or pass the ball, but may also use any part of their body except the hands and the arms. The team that scores the most goals by the end of the match wins. If the score is level at the end of the game, either a draw is declared or the game goes into extra time or a penalty shootoutdepending on the format of the competition. The Laws of the Game were originally codified in England by The Football Association in 1863. Association football is governed internationally by the International Federation of Association Football (FIFA; French: Fédération Internationale de Football Association), which organises World Cups for both men and women every four years.[7]

Name

Main article: Names for association football
The rules of association football were codified in England by the Football Association in 1863 and the name association football was coined to distinguish the game from the other forms of football played at the time, specifically rugby football. The first written "reference to the inflated ball used in the game" was in the mid-14th century: "Þe heued fro þe body went, Als it were a foteballe".[8] The Online Etymology Dictionary states that the word "soccer" was "split off in 1863".[9] According to Partha Mazumdar, the term soccer originated in England, first appearing in the 1880s as an Oxford "-er" abbreviation of the word "association".[10]
Within the English-speaking world, association football is now usually called football in the United Kingdom and ma

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Taj mahal

Image
The  Taj Mahal  ( / ˌ t ɑː dʒ   m ə ˈ h ɑː l / , more often  / ˈ t ɑː ʒ / ; [3]  meaning Crown of the Palace [4] ) is an ivory-white marble  mausoleum  on the south bank of the  Yamuna  river in the Indian city of  Agra . It was commissioned in 1632 by the  Mughal emperor ,  Shah Jahan  (reigned 1628–1658), to house the tomb of his favourite wife,  Mumtaz Mahal . The tomb is the centrepiece of a 17-hectare (42-acre) [5]  complex, which includes a  mosque  and a guest house, and is set in formal gardens bounded on three sides by a  crenellated  wall. Taj Mahal Location Agra ,  Uttar Pradesh , India Coordinates 27°10′30″N   78°02′31″E Height 73 metres (240 ft) Built 1632–53 [1] Architect Ustad Ahmad Lahauri Architectural style(s) Mughal architecture Visitors 7–8 million [2]  (in 2014) UNESCO World Heritage Site Type Cultural Criteria (i) Designated 1983   (7th  session ) Reference no. 252 State Party India Region Asia-Pacific Location of Agra within India
Read more

Mirror

Image
A mirror, reflecting a  vase A  first surface mirror  coated with aluminum and enhanced with  dielectric  coatings. The angle of the incident light (represented by both the light in the mirror and the shadow behind it) exactly matches the angle of reflection (the reflected light shining on the table). A  mirror  is an object that  reflects  light in such a way that, for incident light in some range of wavelengths, the reflected light preserves many or most of the detailed physical characteristics of the original light. This is different from other light-reflecting objects that do not preserve much of the original wave signal other than color and diffuse reflected light. The most familiar type of mirror is the  plane mirror , which has a flat screen surface.  Curved mirrors  are also used, to produce  magnified  or diminished images or focus light or simply distort the reflected image. Mirrors are commonly used for  personal grooming  or admiring oneself (where they ar
Read more

Austria

On 12 March, Austria was annexed to the  Third Reich  and ceased to exist as an independent country. The  Aryanisation  of the wealth of Jewish Austrians started immediately in mid-March, with a so-called "wild" (i.e. extra-legal) phase, but was soon structured legally and bureaucratically to strip Jewish citizens of any assets they possessed. The Nazis called Austria " Ostmark " [64]  until 1942, when it was again renamed and called "Alpen-Donau-Reichsgaue". Though Austrians made up only 8% of the population of the Third Reich, [69]  some of the most prominent Nazis were native Austrians, including Adolf Hitler,  Ernst Kaltenbrunner ,  Arthur Seyss-Inquart ,  Franz Stangl , and  Odilo Globocnik , [70]  as were over 13% of the  SS  and 40% of the staff at the Nazi  extermination camps . [69]  Vienna fell on 13 April 1945, during the  Soviet   Vienna Offensive , just before the total collapse of the Third Reich. The invading Allied powers, in particula
Read more