Automation
Automation can be defined as the technology by which a process or procedure is performed without human assistance. [2] In other words, Automation [1] or automatic control , is the use of various control systems for operating equipment such as machinery, processes in factories, boilers and heat treating ovens, switching on telephone networks, steering and stabilization of ships, aircraft and other applications and vehicles with minimal or reduced human intervention, with some processes have been completely automated. Automation has been achieved by various means including mechanical, hydraulic , pneumatic , electrical, electronic devices and computers , usually in combination. Complicated systems, such as modern factories, airplanes and ships typically use all these combined techniques. The benefit of automation include labor savings, savings in electricity costs , savings in material costs, and improveme...